We are all thankful that summer has arrived! Heat and humidity! And no one complains! After the brutally cold and stormy winter, stuck in the perpetual polar vortex, no one dares to complain.
Our winter mood was brutally apparent in the GDP report that was released for the first quarter of 2014.
This is supposed to be an economic recovery. In fact, it is now five years old. And we get a terrible quarter like that? What is going on here? I will tell you that the change from -1.0% to -2.9% by the BEA was the largest downward revision since this GDP methodology was developed in 1976. And do some math- if GDP grows at 3% (by some miracle) for the rest of 2014, GDP will average 1.5% for the year! Plenty of excuses accompanied the final report, but I am not completely buying them. I sum up the revisions by the BEA with a thought from Mike Flynn (06/30/14): “If you torture economic statistics long enough, they will confess to anything.”
What’s Really Going On
I am still of the view that our economy will continue its growth path at 2% to 2.5%, well under its normal recovery speed and well below its potential. Numerous regulations burdening all industries and higher capital requirements for the banking industry will weigh down growth. Investors’ Business Daily has estimated the annual cost of regulation at $1.86 trillion. Just think about that number as it relates to $17 trillion in annual GDP. Consumer spending tanked in 1Q14, but should rebound in 2Q14. Remember the spike in electricity prices in January and February? That put consumers in a bad spending mood. Gas prices began a slow climb in 1Q14 and the increases have not yet abated. Gas prices have passed $3.70 per gallon and are up 12% year-to-date. I’m outraged, aren’t you?
Having just read an article on Bloomberg that the US has now surpassed Saudi Arabia and Russia with average daily output of 11 million barrels of oil in 1Q14, I would have thought that the concepts of supply and demand were still alive. Due to the fracking boom (extracting energy from shale rock by using high pressure liquid to split rocks and release oil or gas) has made the US competitive in the energy industry again and there is little impact to reduce our prices? That leaves me outraged! Will we approach our all time high gas prices of $4.11 per gallon from July, 2008 and $3.99 in May, 2011 soon? At both of those times, consumers reached a tipping point where spending fell on most discretionary goods as a result.
Employment
Recent employment reports have been increasingly positive, showing the potential for GDP improvement. The June report showed that 288,000 jobs were created. The unemployment rate fell to 6.1% in June from 7.5% one year earlier. Many of the jobs being created are low paying ones or are part-time. The proportion of part-time jobs to total jobs is now at 19% compared to 17% in 2008. People dropping out of the labor force have certainly contributed to a falling unemployment rate; Those Not in the Labor Force rose again in June to a record 92.1 million. The labor force participation rate is still at a 30 year low at 62.8%. These two statistics speak volumes- we are losing the productivity of a great number of persons, probably very experienced ones.
To know if interest rates will rise soon, or sooner than the market expects, my advice would be to watch the Yellen Dashboard on employment and pay attention to whether the measures are improving over pre-crisis ones. The markets expect the first short term rate increase in mid-2015 and this is built into the futures markets. The Fed has already indicated that they will be ending the QE program by the fall of 2014. It is my view that the program initially worked, but in 2013, the Fed lost credibility with it and had to begin to unwind it. And, as always, watch inflation, too. It is still tame and at or below Fed targets.
The Economy
Yes, our economy is resilient, but five years into a recovery, growth of about 2% is well under our potential. Since the recovery began in June, 2009, real GDP has averaged +2.2%. In the ten previous recessions, real GDP averaged +4.6%. I do think we will continue to grow around 2%. Hiring is up, albeit with lots of part-time jobs. Average hourly earnings are up to $24.45, which is an increase of 2% in the past year. Consumer spending may not be much higher than 2% as borrowing to supplement spending is not as prevalent as it was before the 2008 crisis. Technology is advancing and aiding productivity growth. Stock markets are reaching new highs with the Dow Jones average at 17,000 and the S&P 500 approaching 2,000, with a PE ratio of 15.7 times.
We would love to grow exports but Europe and Asia’s economies are fairly weak. I may have to personally go to Europe and investigate! The European Central Bank, or “ECB,” just lowered rates again and this time tested negative interest rates, at -.10%, on bank reserve deposits. Speaking of other parts of the world, the unrest and fighting in Iraq, Syria, Israel, and over in the Ukraine make for a very uncertain world indeed. In the US, children and immigrants from South America are flooding through our borders in huge unmanageable numbers. Uncertainty is often the enemy of economic growth.
As always, take heed of the roadblocks to higher growth (the Fed calls them headwinds) - high gas prices, regulatory burden, weak world economies, low income growth, uncertainty, and bad pothole repair! Stay tuned!
Thanks for reading and Happy Summer! DJ 07/09/14
Dorothy Jaworski has worked at large and small banks for over 30 years; much of that time has been spent in investment portfolio management, risk management, and financial analysis. Dorothy has been with First Federal of Bucks County since November, 2004. She is the author of Just Another Good Soldier, which details the 11th Infantry Regiment's WWII crossing of the Moselle River where her uncle, Pfc. Stephen W. Jaworski, gave his last full measure.
